What term is used to define having the official power to act?

The term that defines having the official power to act is authority. Authority refers to the legitimate power granted to individuals or organizations that enables them to make decisions, enforce rules, and direct resources. This concept is fundamental in various leadership and organizational structures, as it delineates who has the right to make certain decisions, thereby impacting workflow and outcomes.

In a leadership context, authority can come from various sources, including formal positions within an organization, legal regulations, or professional expertise. It is essential for effective governance and management, as it creates a clear hierarchy and ensures that roles and responsibilities are understood.

The other terms in the question relate to different aspects of responsibility and leadership. For instance, responsibility encompasses the obligation to perform assigned tasks, accountability ensures that individuals are answerable for their actions, and leadership involves guiding and influencing others, often requiring a demonstration of both authority and responsibility. However, none of these terms specifically captures the notion of having the official power to act in the same way that authority does.